None of the inquiries in this set require the usage of a calculator. Math troubles are intended to mimic the level of math intensity that you will view on the MCAT exam.
You are watching: Which of the following acids has the weakest conjugate base?
Explanation:
The Bronsted-Lowry definition of an acid is just one of three acid interpretations that have the right to be offered on the MCAT. The three interpretations are as follows:
Arrhenius acid: increases H+ concentration in water (releases an H+)
Bronsted-Lowry acid: donates a proton to a Bronsted base (Bronsted bases expropriate protons)
Lewis acid: accepts a pair of electron from a Lewis basic (Lewis bases donate electrons)
An easy way to psychic the difference between Bronsted-Lowry and also Lewis is the the "e" in Lewis comes prior to the "e" in Bronsted; therefore the Lewis meaning has to carry out with electrons.
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Example inquiry #1 : Acids and also Bases
Which the the following defines a Brønsted-Lowry acid?
Possible Answers:
A substance that donates a proton
A substance that accepts an electron pair
A substance that produces hydroxide ions in an aqueous solution
A substance that donates one electron pair
Correct answer:
A substance the donates a proton
Explanation:
There are three definitions for an mountain that are commonly used: one Arrhenius acid, a Brønsted-Lowry acid, and also a Lewis acid. Arrhenius mountain are any substances that develop hydrogen ions in solution, and Lewis mountain are any kind of substances that accept an electron pair. A Brønsted-Lowry mountain is characterized as any type of substance that donates a proton.
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Example inquiry #3 : Defining/Classifying Acids and also Bases
Acids and also bases deserve to be described in three primary ways. The Arrhenius an interpretation is the many restrictive. It limits acids and bases to species that donate protons and hydroxide ion in solution, respectively. Instances of such acids include HCl and HBr, if KOH and also NaOH are examples of bases. When in aqueous solution, this acids proceed to one equilibrium state v a dissociation reaction.
All the the bases proceed in a comparable fashion.
The Brønsted-Lowry an interpretation of an acid is a much more inclusive approach. Every Arrhenius acids and bases are additionally Brønsted-Lowry acids and also bases, but the converse is not true. Brønsted-Lowry mountain still with equilibrium v the same dissociation reaction as Arrhenius acids, but the acid character is defined by different parameters. The Brønsted-Lowry definition considers bases to be hydroxide donors, favor the Arrhenius definition, but likewise includes conjugate bases such as the A- in the over reaction. In the turning back reaction, A- accepts the proton to regenerate HA. The Brønsted-Lowry definition thus defines bases together proton acceptors, and also acids together proton donors.
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Reducing agents, together as
Which of the adhering to must it is in true of
Possible Answers:
It is no an acid, as it donates hydride ions and also not protons